Highly Porous Activated Carbons Derived from Poly(styrene Sulfonic Acid) Based Organic Salts
نویسندگان
چکیده
The objective of this paper is to study the effect of transition metals used in organic salts on the structural properties of carbonaceous materials. To accomplish our objectives, we carbonized commercially available poly(styrene sulfonic acid-co-maleic acid), sodium salt. To study the effect of metals, sodium was exchanged with either cobalt, nickel, or iron. Park and Jung [1], and Putyera et al. [2] reported using polystyrenebased material as precursors for the preparation of activated carbon. We assume the microstructure of the precursor to be essentially the polystyrene carbon framework with interspersed chelated metal ions. The maleic moiety provides additional opportunity for chelation with metal ions. The nature of the substrate, enriched with numerous opportunities for bonding and chelating, strongly suggests that metals can be highly dispersed within the carbonaceous matrix. Moreover, the functional groups present along with nitrates from the introduced salts should act as pore formers during their thermal decomposition. Since reduced metal can migrate to the surface during carbonization the structure is expected to gradually expand leading to foam/ nanofoam formation. The pillaring effect of metals during carbonization of polystyrenedivinylbenzene based resin with sulfonic acid groups was observed by Nakagawa et al. [3]. They found their precursors useful for production of carbon molecular sieves (CMS).
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